Well I keep having this issue with all Steam games I have tested so far. It seems to be random, sometimes it does not occur at all. When it occurs, it will happen shortly after starting the game.
ptrace protection had no effect. However, I found a tip on winehq and so far things seem to work. The fix is simply to go to "configure wine" for the virtual drive, select the Library tab. Then add a library that you name "gameoverlayrenderer", then edit it to "disable". This will prevent the Steam overlay from working, but so far it seems my Steam games are working again without any crashing.
But I can't know for sure if this was caused by the Steam update, or some update on my system.